ROTC Fights for Its Future

Two years ago, the University Seemed to be on the forefront of a campaign against the U.S. military's policy of excluding gays, lesbians and bisexuals.

Former President Derek C. Bok fired off a strongly worded letter to Secretary of Defense Richard B. Cheney. Just weeks later, Dean of the Facutly A. Michael Spence and the Faculty Council issued a public ultimatum: The school would cut ties with Reserve officers Training Corps if the military didn't end its discriminatory policy in two years.

But the deadline came and went last month, with barely a whimper from Harvard. The military continues to expel homosexuals from its ranks; the University continues to sponsor an off-campus ROTC program.

New University leadership this year--under President Neil L. Rudenstine and Dean of the Faculty Jeremy R. Knowles--balked at enforcing the bold threat without examining the issue one more time.

Concerned about regulating the extracurricular and financial aid options of Harvard's 150 ROTC cadets, Knowles said he was not bound by the old ultimatum and insisted on a fresh debate.

In January, the new dean appointed a special student-faculty committee to study the alternatives and draft a report by may.

The Undergraduate Council had already staked out its position in the winter--it voted narrowly in favor of maintaining ROTC despite the military's discriminatory policies.

The students activists who forced the Faculty to kick ROTC off campus in 1969 have been replaced in 1992 by a student government cautiously toeing the line of pragmatism.

But the students may still face a battle on the student-faculty ROTC committee--the generation gap on the 10-member panel is conspicuous.

Only two members of the committee--both students--have expressed support for ROTC. In contrast, at least four of the six professors on the committee appears more inclined to abandon Harvard's remaining ties with ROTC.

Committee member Timothy P. McCormack '92, Navy ROTC student, spearheaded the Undergraduate Council proposal for status quorelations with ROTC and unabashedly opposes any move to shut down the program.

McCormack argues that any symbolic gesture by the University would have little effect on Pentagon policy, while seriously reducing the ability of undergraduates in the ROTC program to pay tuition. David A. Aronberg '93, the Undergraduate Council chair and a member of the committee, also supports the status quo.

But critics of ROTC say the program's exclusion of homosexuals is simply incompatible with the University's own policy of nondiscrimination. Some also argue that Harvard's action would focus attention on an important issue, and perhaps prompt action in Congress, if not the Pentagon.

The ROTC issue is a complex one. It pits thevalue of protesting a discriminatory policy notsimply against the benefits of ROTC scholarships,but also against an individual student's right toenroll in the program.

The student-faculty ROTC committee met severaltimes this spring but could not complete its taskbefore the end of the year. Pforzheimer UniversityProfessor Sidney Verba '53, who chairs the ROTCcommittee, says the group needs more time to studythe issues.

Verba says the committee "is definitelyinvestigating all possibilities" and will producea final recommendation by early fall.

At present, the committee appears ready torecommend some sort of break with ROTC but acomplete repudiation of the military program seemsunlikely.

Committee members say their recommendation maynot come down to a simple yes or no to ROTC.

"I think there clearly is a consensus in thatwe would like to preserve the ability of Harvardundergraduates to participate in the ROTC programif they wish to," says ROTC committee memberProfessor of Law Daniel J. Meltzer '72. "There isalso a consensus that we are very concerned" aboutthe military's discriminatory policy."

Meltzer says the committee may even "propose arange of possibilities for the FacultyCouncil...to consider."

In addition to Meltzer and Verba, four otherprofessors sit on the committee: Professor ofEnglish and Comparative Literature James Engell,Professor of Economics Claudia D. Goldin, PlummerProfessor of Christian Morals Peter J. Gomes andDillon Professor of International Affairs JosephS. Nye Jr.

The committee is exploring whether Harvardstudents could still take part in ROTC programs atother local schools if the University severs tieswith ROTC.

"I don't think there is any reason we shouldprevent Harvard students from participating inROTC" programs at other colleges if Harvard endsits affiliation with ROTC, says committee memberRoland L. Dunbrack '85.

Dunbrack, a Mather tutor and former chair of abisexual, gay and lesbian organization at theGraduate School of Arts and Sciences, says thecommittee has met with ROTC officials at MIT todiscuss the options.

The University terminated its ROTC program in1969 in the wake of antiwar protests, butestablished an off-campus ROTC program at MIT in1976.

According to Dunbrack, Harvard's current tiesto ROTC consists of a $132,000 annual payment toMIT to cover costs for Harvard studentscross-enrolled in its program. The University alsomaintains a written contract with the Navy ROTCprogram, which has more stringent rules forcross-registration.

The committee issued an interim report in Aprilwhich acknowledged "apparent inconsistencies"between Harvard's policy of non-discrimination andthe Pentagon's ban against gays. But the committeealso said it had reached "no conclusions" andeffectively voided the Faculty Council's ROTCultimatum by postponing concrete action until fall

The decision provoked little reaction amongstudents. Indeed, undergraduates have remainedrelatively indifferent to the ROTC debate thisyear.

Students packed Undergraduate Council meetingsin 1989 to fight--and defeat--a recommendation tobring ROTC back on campus. But forums on the issuethis year were poorly attended.

Even the Undergraduate Council failed to investa clear mandate in their ROTC proposal. Lacking asharp, refined debate, the council voted to sendthree different reports to the Faculty torepresent a spectrum of student opinion.

Nevertheless, McCormack and Aronberg insistthey are representing the majority ofundergraduates by fighting for the status quo. Inaddition to outmaneuvering Dunbrack and YaredBelai '92, they will have to whittle away at thevenerable consensus of professors on the committeeto keep Harvard's ROTC program in its presentform.Crimson File PhotoROTC cadets stand at attention during drillsat MIT.

The ROTC issue is a complex one. It pits thevalue of protesting a discriminatory policy notsimply against the benefits of ROTC scholarships,but also against an individual student's right toenroll in the program.

The student-faculty ROTC committee met severaltimes this spring but could not complete its taskbefore the end of the year. Pforzheimer UniversityProfessor Sidney Verba '53, who chairs the ROTCcommittee, says the group needs more time to studythe issues.

Verba says the committee "is definitelyinvestigating all possibilities" and will producea final recommendation by early fall.

At present, the committee appears ready torecommend some sort of break with ROTC but acomplete repudiation of the military program seemsunlikely.

Committee members say their recommendation maynot come down to a simple yes or no to ROTC.

"I think there clearly is a consensus in thatwe would like to preserve the ability of Harvardundergraduates to participate in the ROTC programif they wish to," says ROTC committee memberProfessor of Law Daniel J. Meltzer '72. "There isalso a consensus that we are very concerned" aboutthe military's discriminatory policy."

Meltzer says the committee may even "propose arange of possibilities for the FacultyCouncil...to consider."

In addition to Meltzer and Verba, four otherprofessors sit on the committee: Professor ofEnglish and Comparative Literature James Engell,Professor of Economics Claudia D. Goldin, PlummerProfessor of Christian Morals Peter J. Gomes andDillon Professor of International Affairs JosephS. Nye Jr.

The committee is exploring whether Harvardstudents could still take part in ROTC programs atother local schools if the University severs tieswith ROTC.

"I don't think there is any reason we shouldprevent Harvard students from participating inROTC" programs at other colleges if Harvard endsits affiliation with ROTC, says committee memberRoland L. Dunbrack '85.

Dunbrack, a Mather tutor and former chair of abisexual, gay and lesbian organization at theGraduate School of Arts and Sciences, says thecommittee has met with ROTC officials at MIT todiscuss the options.

The University terminated its ROTC program in1969 in the wake of antiwar protests, butestablished an off-campus ROTC program at MIT in1976.

According to Dunbrack, Harvard's current tiesto ROTC consists of a $132,000 annual payment toMIT to cover costs for Harvard studentscross-enrolled in its program. The University alsomaintains a written contract with the Navy ROTCprogram, which has more stringent rules forcross-registration.

The committee issued an interim report in Aprilwhich acknowledged "apparent inconsistencies"between Harvard's policy of non-discrimination andthe Pentagon's ban against gays. But the committeealso said it had reached "no conclusions" andeffectively voided the Faculty Council's ROTCultimatum by postponing concrete action until fall

The decision provoked little reaction amongstudents. Indeed, undergraduates have remainedrelatively indifferent to the ROTC debate thisyear.

Students packed Undergraduate Council meetingsin 1989 to fight--and defeat--a recommendation tobring ROTC back on campus. But forums on the issuethis year were poorly attended.

Even the Undergraduate Council failed to investa clear mandate in their ROTC proposal. Lacking asharp, refined debate, the council voted to sendthree different reports to the Faculty torepresent a spectrum of student opinion.

Nevertheless, McCormack and Aronberg insistthey are representing the majority ofundergraduates by fighting for the status quo. Inaddition to outmaneuvering Dunbrack and YaredBelai '92, they will have to whittle away at thevenerable consensus of professors on the committeeto keep Harvard's ROTC program in its presentform.Crimson File PhotoROTC cadets stand at attention during drillsat MIT.